Biographical Profile of Dr. Michio Kaku

Dr. Michio Kaku is an American theoretical physicist, best known as one of the founders of string field theory. He has published several books and hosts television specials and a weekly radio program. Michio Kaku specializes in public outreach and explaining complicated physics concepts in terms people can understand and appreciate. General Information Born: January 24, 1947Nationality: AmericanEthnicity: Japanese Degrees Academic Achievements Went to the National Science Fair in high school with a home-made atom smasher built in his parents garage.1968, Physics B.S. (summa cum laude) from Harvard University1972, Physics Ph.D. from University of California, Berkeley1973, lectureship at Princeton University25 years as Henry Semat Chair and Professorship in theoretical physics at the City College of New York.Has been a visiting professor at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton New York University. String Field Theory Work In the realm of physics research, Michio Kaku is best known as the co-founder of string field theory, which is a specific branch of the more general string theory which relies heavily on mathematically framing the theory in terms of fields. Kakus work was instrumental in showing that the field theory is consistent with known fields, such as Einsteins field equations from general relativity. Radio Television Appearances Michio Kaku is the host of two radio programs: Science Fantastic and Explorations in Science with Dr. Michio Kaku. Information about these programs can be found on Dr. Kakus official website. In addition to radio appearances, Michio Kaku frequently makes appearances on a wide variety of popular shows as a science expert, including Larry King Live, Good Morning America, Nightline, and 60 Minutes. He has hosted a number of science shows, including the Science Channel series Sci-Fi Science. Michio Kakus Books Dr. Kakus written a number of academic papers and textbooks over the years, but is especially noted among the public for his popular books on advanced theoretical physics concepts: The Future of the Mind: The Scientific Quest to Understand, Enhance, and Empower the Mind (2014)Physics of the Future  (2011)Physics of the Impossible: A Scientific Exploration Into the World of Phasers, Force Fields, Teleportation, and Time Travel  (2008)Einsteins Cosmos: How Albert Einsteins Vision Transformed Our Understanding of Space and TimeVisions: How Science Will Revolutionize the 21st Century and BeyondParallel Worlds: A Journey Through Creation, Higher Dimensions, and the Future of the Cosmos (2005)Hyperspace: A Scientific Odyssey Through Parallel Universes, Time Warps, and the Tenth Dimension Michio Kaku Quotes As a widely published author and public speaker, Dr. Kaku has  made many notable statements. Here are few of them: Physicists are made of atoms. A physicist is an attempt by an atom to understand itself.―  Michio Kaku,  Parallel Worlds: A Journey Through Creation, Higher Dimensions, and the Future of the Cosmos In some sense, gravity does not exist; what moves the planets and the stars is the distortion of space and time. To understand the difficulty of predicting the next 100 years, we have to appreciate the difficulty that the people of 1900 had in predicting the world of 2000.―  Michio Kaku,  Physics of the Future: How Science Will Shape Human Destiny and Our Daily Lives by the Year 2100

Utilitarian Rhetoric George Bentham And John Stuart Mill

Utilitarian Rhetoric 1. Utilitarian Reform: Utilitarian’s like Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill embraced a hedonistic value when identifying good with pleasure. Bentham reasoned that there were no qualitative differences between pleasures, only quantitative ones. His moral philosophy was supported by the assumption: That the consequences of human actions that count in evaluating their merit and that the kind of consequence that matters for human happiness is just the achievement of pleasure and avoidance of pain. (Driver) Bentham implied that hedonistic values in human actions could be easily tallied. Through his calculations, considering the intensity, duration, response, and outcome of pleasure, a full measure of benefit and fault could be rendered. Bentham also believed that by â€Å"maximizing the good† would lead a person to happiness. In other words, the greatest amount of pleasure will produce the greatest amount of happiness. Mill, on the other hand adapted Bentham’s philosophy by suggesting that the greatest quality of pleasure produces happiness. Mill was a scholar of Bentham and set out to improve his Utilitarian theories. Mill offered several significant renovations to the structure, meaning and application of Bentham’s concepts, especially in the condition of happiness. Mill defended Bentham’s hedonistic values by expanding the commonly accepted definition of hedonistic pleasure. His priority was to capture virtues such as intellect and reason asShow MoreRelate dOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pages. Organization Theory Challenges and Perspectives John McAuley, Joanne Duberley and Phil Johnson . This book is, to my knowledge, the most comprehensive and reliable guide to organisational theory currently available. What is needed is a text that will give a good idea of the breadth and complexity of this important subject, and this is precisely what McAuley, Duberley and Johnson have provided. They have done some sterling service in bringing together the very diverse strands of workRead MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 PagesJerry Haar, Florida International University–Miami; Li Weixing, University of Nebraska–Lincoln; David Turnipseed, University of South Alabama–Mobile; Curtis Matherne III, East Tennessee State University; Ann Langlois, Palm Beach Atlantic University; George Yacus, Old Dominion University; Steve Jenner, California State University–Dominguez Hills; Ben Lever III, College of Charleston; Dave Flynn, Hofstra University; Annette Gunter, University of Central Oklahoma; Marjorie Jones, Nova Southeastern University;

Assessing teachers by the quality of results they attain Free Essays

Judging teacher quality on test marking is a extremely debated issue. Teachers are frequently assessed by the quality of consequences in which they attain. Policies and statute law in educational methods have changed dramatically throughout the 19th and 20th century. We will write a custom essay sample on Assessing teachers by the quality of results they attain or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is down to altering political parties being in power and their positions on how instruction should be taught, besides due to the economic alterations over the old ages. As new ideas and old pattern has been examined alterations have necessarily been made. Exam marking is a method which has been used for over a hundred old ages to judge teacher quality. However the inquiry which I intend to present is whether that is adequate to find how ‘good ‘ a instructor truly is. Should opinions on this be changed, have they started to alter and is it possible to alter the peoples view after a life-time of test mark being figure one? These are the inquiries that I intend to see through looking at old and current policies, international positions and policies and besides whether the course of study has a bearing on this position. History The method of tests and measuring kids was ab initio introduced in the 1870 Forster Act. This was besides when the authorities started to supply free instruction for all kids, nevertheless, with free instruction for all came the authorities saw that there needed to be a manner to turn out to the people of England that there money was being spent sagely: hence methods of proving the kids was instigated to demo that the kids were larning in schools. The manner in which kids were tested was via Her Majesty ‘s Inspectors, they would see schools in order to oppugn the category on how much they had learnt in their categories. The authorities besides gave instructors incentive to do certain that the kids could reply these inquiries as they were being judged every bit much as the kids. The better a category did in these reviews the more respectable the teacher wage would be. However this chalk and speak method was non without issue, as the kids were assessed merely on the inquiries tha t the inspector asked, which could be said to be an unjust proving method. Therefore schools jumped directly in with instruction to prove instead than learning to larn. ( Ward and Eden, 2009:87-88 ) Changes were brought approximately in 1902 with the Balfour Education Act, instructors were given more freedom to make their ain teaching method. The Early Old ages sector in peculiar was get downing to have more freedom within their instruction. There are many influences which supported this ideal. Possibly one of the earliest was Aristotle, his position that cognition came through experience was noted every bit early as 366BC ( Pound, 2008b ) . Followed on by Jean-Jacques Rousseau who believed that kids should believe otherwise about instruction, he believed in liberating up the kid ‘s head, promoting people to seek out new thoughts. ( Pound, 2008a:7 ) Maria Montessori believed that kids learned throughout their lives from the minute they are born. Montessori was another truster, like Rousseau, that observation was the key to a kid ‘s learning experience, besides she believed that kids should non be pushed to larn but excessively allow them larn at their ain gait. There fore from my position Rousseau and Montessori are opposing the thought of standardized testing as this is an impossible technique to verify good instruction if kids learn at different ages and phases. They believe in steering the kid in their acquisition instead than ‘teaching a kid ‘ what they need to cognize to complete scrutinies. Once once more the instruction system was changed dramatically ; the 1944 Education Act introduced the tripartite system, which in bend brought about the 11 plus scrutiny, one time once more proving the kids at certain age/stages to find what they have learnt. The 11-plus test aimed to find the intelligence of all 10s to eleven twelvemonth old kids, to set up which school they should go to, those kids that scored the highest would go to the grammar schools ; to learn extremely academic topics, where as the kids which scored the lower consequences would travel to either the secondary proficient schools ; for mechanical and scientific minded pupil or the secondary modern schools ; for kids taking for low skilled occupations and homecare. The kids that attended the grammar schools were seen to be the most intelligent ; the grammar schools brought in the better instructors therefore the kids that were in front were seen to be given the chance to acquire farther in front. Although, the in structor quality of the ‘best ‘ instructors should besides be up for argument, the instructor deemed the ‘best ‘ were merely so as they scored the highest on their tests. These tests did non integrate the aggregation of any cognition of the individual taking them. The testing does non enlist critical instructor quality issues such as whether the instructor has a good resonance with kids, nor does it prove if the instructor is considerate, sort or creative. Therefore it can be said that these kids are non truly accessing the ‘best ‘ instructors but simply being taught by an older coevals of in-between category people who has entree to the stuffs to win in tests. The 11 plus exam argument has many angles, it could be seen as carnival in some ways as the kids were tested on certain cognition, each kid was given the same trial with no exclusions, nevertheless did each kid have the entree to the same stuffs and the same chances to successfully take such tests? Social category is a large issue which should be taken into consideration when discoursing whether the test standards were a just proving method. Children from in-between category households ; kids of canvassers and physicians were more accustomed to the countries of involvement within the tests. Such things as anagrams would be tested seting some in-between category kids at an advantage as their parents are more likely to hold done things such as crosswords therefore the kids are more likely to hold come across this before, whereas the working category kids are much less likely to hold this experience. Reasoning that the authorities of the clip were still really much thought of doing the rich richer and the hapless poorer hence further spliting the societal categories. The 1967 Plowden Report one time once more changed the educational doctrines. The Plowden Report recommended that primary instruction became more like early old ages instruction, they called for more active scholars, kids should be larning through drama. The Plowden study besides called for the abolition of cyclosis, conveying about subject based larning for primary instruction instead than subject based acquisition. This was possible due to the abolition of the eleven-plus test therefore a broader course of study was possible, instead than the instructor to prove method. ( Ward and Eden, 2009:67/68 ) Parents protested the recommended alterations as they wanted kids to be taught specific lessons such as reading and authorship, the thought of kids traveling to school and playing was seen as unequal instruction. This position was one of which the parents were familiar, their instruction was one of command and work sheets, hence this is what the parents knew. This contention around the parent ‘s protests resulted in the authorities commissioning more research in the 1970 ‘s and 1980 ‘s. Even so, this testing was one time once more based upon exam tonss. Neville Bennett ( 1976 ) tested kids at the start and terminal of the academic twelvemonth. Bennett ‘s consequences found that the ‘traditional ‘ instructors produced better test consequences ; nevertheless Bennett ‘s consequences have been criticised as he merely tested the kids on the nucleus topic ‘s maths and English. Another unfavorable judgment of Bennett ‘s survey was his deficiency of detecting categories that he was researching. The bases of these consequences were strictly on the consequences they produced. This resulted in instructor quality once more being judged entirely on the consequences that they can bring forth. ( Ward and Eden, 2009:92 ) Course of study In 1988, the National Curriculum was introduced, it was at first really traditional but became more flexible with the debut of vocational topics. The national course of study was implemented with no authorities intercession in learning methods or teaching method, giving instructor ‘s freedom to make their ain teaching method and utilize their ain methods of learning. However the national course of study was to standardize school instruction to do testing and appraisal easier. Key Stage appraisals were implemented at ages seven, eleven and 16. These standardized trials have been used to categorize kids into ability groups. Ball ( 2003 ) claimed that the National course of study favoured in-between category groups, it has been said that it was besides bias against different cultural groups. For Example History lessons were based entirely on British history and the school twenty-four hours was covered in Christian traditions ; such as supplications before go forthing school and in school assemblies. The course of study has one time once more had a proposed alteration with the publication of the White paper 2010, this will be discussed subsequently on. Standards non Structures New Labour leader Tony Blair in concurrence with the educational curate Barry Gardiner recognised the demand to assist working category kids achieve. Blair believed in ‘standards non constructions ‘ . Rather than underscoring on grammar schools and school pick, Blair found it more of import to underscore acquiring good criterions out of all schools. Compulsory numeracy and literacy hours were introduced to do certain that all kids were ab initio being taught to read and compose decently, which in bend would foster their accomplishments in the hereafter. â€Å" Education should be about happening success in every kid. When I talk about elevation criterions, I do non merely intend what gets measured in external scrutinies. We have to be much more concerned about the quality and relevancy of instruction our immature people receive and with the scope of chances to let them to win in the universe of work in the twenty-first Century. † ( Gardiner, 2004 ) Standards non constructions is where kids are what affair, it is said that seting kids on the right way to lifelong acquisition is where they will see true success. Gardiner recognised that the procedure, in which the kid acquires these womb-to-tomb acquisition accomplishments, is much less of import than the devising certain the kid does achieve these accomplishments. Gardiner aimed for a more holistic attack to acquisition, besides a demand for more vocational topics in schools. Although the course of study was to be more holistic the kids ‘s accomplishments were scored on trial. ( Gardiner, 2004 ) International attacks In the United States, the 2001 No Child Left Behind Act stated that all instructors by 2005-2006 had to be extremely qualified, be a certified instructor and major in their specific capable therefore obtaining a certification. Thus the Centre of Assessment and Evaluation ( CAEL ) in pupil acquisition in America, noted in Tennessee, where there was an attack pioneered called the ‘value added ‘ attack. This was intended to measure the value teachers add to the pupils larning. Students are compared to their ain acquisition: pupil ‘s trial tonss are compared with their ain old tonss instead than being compared to other pupil ‘s tonss, therefore category or household income is non an issue. The instructors were judged on how the pupils they had had improved, besides they defined the instructors of best quality gained greater accomplishment from the lower achieving pupils, instead than the higher achieving pupils in which it is normally assessed. However it was stat ed that there ought to hold been some observation in schoolrooms to truly assess the pupil ‘s betterment. ( CAESL, 2004 ) In Wales conference tabular arraies were abolished in 2001, harmonizing to research workers at Bristol University this has severely affected the public presentation of pupils in Wales. In conformity to their research, this attack has decreased public presentation as there is no force per unit area for the pupils to better. GCSE consequences have been compared with England by comparing similar schools from each state ; this research showed that Welsh schools were acquiring up to two GSCE classs lower than the schools in England. Naming and shaming schools through conference tabular arraies in England is seen to hike overall classs due to the force per unit area to maintain league place. ( Loveys, 2010 ) However the NAS/UWT instructors brotherhood has clearly opposed this place in mentioning that Wales ‘s school public presentation is bettering twelvemonth on twelvemonth. ( BBC, 2010 ) â€Å" It handily fails to foreground the fact that overall school public presentation in schools in Wales additions during the period covered by the study. † ( BBC, 2010 ) These teacher Unions promote the abolition of League tabular arraies saying that schools are offering easier classs to better their conference place. Parents Choice It has been said that parents are non taking schools based on the school conference tabular arraies but are more interested in location for easiness of handiness, little category sizes and the attention that is given to the kids. John Bangs, the caput of instruction at the National Union of Teachers stated in an interview for The Times that parents choose schools for their ain grounds, he believes they would be better aided by a full position of school accomplishment instead than merely consequences of trials, public presentation tabular arraies and Ofsted reviews which merely focus on a few cardinal opinions. ( Sugden, 2010 ) The Departments for Schools has clearly set out to relieve this job, as a statement a interpreter at the Department for Schools has said in The Times interview, that they are presenting a new strategy which will present a new school study card, this aims to give a more clear and full position of the school including more than simply academic accomplishment. How ever, it is besides said that no apology will be made for seting a strong influence over academic consequences, as we have more good and outstanding schools than of all time before, giving parents a existent pick and the option to weigh out other factors. ( Sugden, 2010 ) Current ideals and statute law The alliance has brought about new ideals on instruction. Prosecuting new positions and combined positions of the conservativists and broad Democrats. OFSTED has upped criterions and the new authorities has publicised new thoughts of personality testing. First observing the recent OFSTED studies, that has stated that they are upping their criterions and have judged many schools as inadequate. This is due to the coming ideals that schools need now to be judged non merely on informations, as it was seen that OFSTED could merely phone in their consequences. ( Shepherd, 2010 ) It has been found that instructors are non good plenty equipped to learn pupils, their exanimate effort at learning pupils is go forthing pupils bored and unwilling or being inspired to larn. OFSTED have concluded that the hapless instructors that are fighting to hold on the pupil ‘s imaginativeness and are neglecting to animate the kids that they are learning, hence kids are being giving mundane undertakings, harmonizing to OFSTED ‘s main inspector Christine Gilbert. â€Å" There is excessively much instruction that is dull and uninspiring. This means that excessively many immature people are non equipped good plenty to do the best of their lives. † ( Gilbert, 2010 ) In correlativity with this the alliance has proposed alterations to the educational system. The White paper that has been published on the 24th of November is naming for more in-school preparation for instructors. The White Paper will besides get rid of clip bounds on the sum of clip schools are allowed to supervise schoolrooms, hence making more flexibleness, taking to make better instructors. ( Vasager, 2010 ) â€Å" The remarks came as the Coalition prepared to print a White Paper today that will toughen up tests, overhaul the national course of study, reform instructor preparation and give staff more power to train students. All schools will be forced to run into tough new marks or face being taken over. † ( Paton, 2010a ) Besides the White Paper has besides proposed that all manque instructors ‘ under-go personality showing and aptitude trials which all instructors must go through before modification, this method is already in usage in Finland. The national course of study is to be tightened up to halt forcing the ‘easier ‘ classs. The purpose of the new tightened up course of study is besides to set forward a more specific nucleus cognition, this go forthing more free clip for such things as humanistic disciplines, athletics and civilization. ( Paton, 2010b ) League tabular arraies are excessively be focused on the nucleus topics such as maths, English and Science so that schools can no longer acquire to the top of the tabular arraies by forcing pupils into the softer or easier topics, which are non found valuable by future employers. The focal point of future instructors will be that they have great capable cognition, and a love of learning and their maestro topic. ( Paton, 2010b ) Besides Broad Democrat leader Nick Clegg proposed the system of ‘Like-versus-like ‘ which the Tories have said to be unfastened excessively. This system will suggest that school conference tabular arraies will be compared to those in similar state of affairss for illustration hapless with hapless, in-between category with in-between category. ( Asthana A ; Helm, 2010 ) Teacher quality is a construct which is difficult to specify, many factors such as observation, trial marking, personality testing and kid inspiring is needed in correlativity with each other to find if a instructor is truly a ‘good ‘ instructor. The history of instruction has evolved over the century, traveling back and Forth between ideals depending on the political party in power and the economic sciences of the clip. From the first oncoming of scrutinies, get downing from oppugning from Her Royal Highness ‘ Inspectors, to standardised proving. The eleven-plus tests were extremely respected in their clip, but as research continued it was found that these trials could be seen as favoring in-between category kids. The research has continually been extended until current thoughts that pupils need to be tested against pupils of similar backgrounds, which in bend provided more accurate histories of betterment and accomplishment. Through research of international ideal s of instruction, parts have begun to go intertwined within the English instruction system. International ‘failures ‘ ( harmonizing to some ) such as the Welsh schools get rid ofing conference tabular arraies has besides been taken into consideration. This research had the opposite consequence by turn outing the authorities with ground non to take on this attack. In decision throughout the last century instructor quality has basically been based upon scrutiny tonss, observation or kid inspiring yet none have put them all together, which could so give a better definition of the ‘good ‘ instructor. Quality of learning demands to be a holistic position, much like the instruction is taking towards. How to cite Assessing teachers by the quality of results they attain, Essay examples

Holograms Essay Example For Students

Holograms Essay HologramsToss a pebble in a pond -see the ripples?Now drop two pebbles closetogether. Look at what happens when the two sets of waves combine -you get anew wave! When a crest and a trough meet, they cancel out and the water goesflat. When two crests meet, they produce one, bigger crest. When two troughscollide, they make a single, deeper trough. Believe it or not,youve justfound a key to understanding how a hologram works. But what do waves in apond have to do with those amazing three-dimensional pictures? How dowaves make a hologram look like the real thing?It all starts with light. Without it, you cant see. And much like theripples in a pond, light travels in waves.When you look at, say, an apple,what you really see are the waves of light reflected from it. Your two eyeseach see a slightly different view of the apple.These different viewstell you about the apples depth -its form and where it sits in relation toother objects. Your brain processes this information so that you see the apple,and the rest of the world, in 3-D. You can look around objects, too -if theapple is blocking the view of an orange behind it, you can just move yourhead to one side. The apple seems to move out of the way so you cansee the orange or even the back of the apple.If that seems a bitobvious,just try looking behind something in aregular photograph!You cant, because the photograph cant reproduce the infinitely complicatedwaves of light reflected by objects; the lens of a camera can only focus thosewaves into a flat, 2-D image. But a hologram can capture a 3-D image solifelike that you can look around the image of the apple to an orange in thebackground -and its all thanks to the special kind of light waves producedby a laser. Normal white light from the sun or a lightbulb is a combinationof every colour of light in the spectrum -a mush of different waves thatsuseless for holograms. But a laser shines light in a thin, intense beam thatsjust one colour. That means laser light waves are uniform and in step. Whentwo laser beams intersect, like two sets of ripples meeting in a pond,they produce a single new wave pattern: the hologram. Heres how it happens:Light coming from a laser is split into two beams, called the object beamand the reference beam. Spread by lenses and bounced off a mirror, the objectbeam hits the apple. Light waves reflect from the apple towards a photographicfilm.The reference beam heads straight to the film without hitting theapple. The two sets of waves meet and create a new wave pattern that hits thefilm and exposes it. On the film all you can see is a mass of dark and lightswirls -it doesnt look like an apple at all! But shine the laserreference beam through the film once more and the pattern of swirls bends thelight to re-create the original reflection waves from the apple -exactly. Not all holograms work this way -some use plastics instead ofphotographic film, others are visible in normal light.But all holograms arecreated with lasers -and new waves. All Thought Up and No Place to GoHolograms were invented in 1947 by Hungarian scientist Dennis Gabor,but they were ignored for years. Why? Like many great ideas, Gabors theoryabout light waves was ahead of its time. The lasers needed to produce cleanwaves -and thus clean 3-D images -werent invented until 1960. Gabor coinedthe name for his photographic technique from holos and gramma, Greek for thewhole message. But for more than a decade, Gabor had only half the words. .u6cd5bd72b17adc3cf857ba5490ee788c , .u6cd5bd72b17adc3cf857ba5490ee788c .postImageUrl , .u6cd5bd72b17adc3cf857ba5490ee788c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6cd5bd72b17adc3cf857ba5490ee788c , .u6cd5bd72b17adc3cf857ba5490ee788c:hover , .u6cd5bd72b17adc3cf857ba5490ee788c:visited , .u6cd5bd72b17adc3cf857ba5490ee788c:active { border:0!important; } .u6cd5bd72b17adc3cf857ba5490ee788c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6cd5bd72b17adc3cf857ba5490ee788c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6cd5bd72b17adc3cf857ba5490ee788c:active , .u6cd5bd72b17adc3cf857ba5490ee788c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6cd5bd72b17adc3cf857ba5490ee788c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6cd5bd72b17adc3cf857ba5490ee788c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6cd5bd72b17adc3cf857ba5490ee788c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6cd5bd72b17adc3cf857ba5490ee788c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6cd5bd72b17adc3cf857ba5490ee788c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6cd5bd72b17adc3cf857ba5490ee788c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6cd5bd72b17adc3cf857ba5490ee788c .u6cd5bd72b17adc3cf857ba5490ee788c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6cd5bd72b17adc3cf857ba5490ee788c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Road Not Taken -- An Interpretaion Of Robert F EssayGabors contribution to science was recognized at last in 1971 with a NobelPrize. Hes got a chance for a last laugh, too. A perfect holographic portraitof the late scientist looking up from his desk with a smile could go onfooling viewers into saying hello forever. Actor Laurence Olivier has alsoachieved that kind of immortality -a hologram of the 80 year-old can beseen these days on the stage in London,in a musical called Time. New WavesWhen it comes to looking at the future uses of holography, pictures areanything but the whole picture.Here are just a couple of the more unusualpossibilities. Consider this: youre in a windowless room in the middle ofan office tower,but youre reading by the light of the noonday sun! Howcan this be? A new invention that incorporates holograms into widow glazingsmakes it possible. Holograms can bend light to create complex 3-D images, butthey can also simply redirect light rays.The window glaze holograms couldfocus sunlight coming through a window into a narrow beam, funnel it intoan air duct with reflective walls above the ceiling and send it down thehall to your windowless cubbyhole. That could cut lighting costs andconserve energy. The holograms could even guide sunlight into the gloomygaps between city skyscrapers and since they can bend light of different colorsin different directions, they could be used to filter out the hot infraredlight rays that stream through your ca r windows to bake you on summer days. Or, how about holding an entire library in the palm of your hand?Holography makes it theoretically possible. Words or pictures could betranslated into a code of alternating light and dark spots and stored in anunbelievably tiny space.Thats because light waves are very, very skinny. You could lay about 1000 lightwaves side by side across the width of theperiod at the end of this sentence. One calculation holds that by usingholograms, the U. S. Library of Congress could be stored in the space of asugar cube. For now, holographic data storage remains little more than afascinating idea because the materials needed to do the job havent beeninvented yet.But its clear that holograms,which author Isaac Asimovcalled the greatest advance in imaging since the eye will continue to makewaves in the world of science. Science