Written by Scripps for the School Magazine free essay sample

Newspaper Article- Written by Scripps for the school magazine. Outstanding! Our Oxbridge Boys Elevate The School! So how can you do the same? So it’s final! Congratulations! The boys of Cutlers’ Grammar school have finally made their headmaster the happiest man in Sheffield after eight of Cutlers’ most influential students make the grade and earn themselves a place at Oxbridge. They are the first of their kind in the history of the school and are they proud? The answer lies firmly with the pleased-as-punch headmaster. For now, the school sits securely at the top of the league tables, right where it was intended to be. An outstanding performance all round has seen an 100% success rate of all of Mr Hector, Mr Irwin’s and Mrs Lintott’s students furthering their education and getting themselves into University. Even the unlikeliest of boys made the grade. So how did they achieve such a difficult challenge set to them by the school? Was luck on their side? Maybe the pressure from both teachers and other students is to blame. We will write a custom essay sample on Written by Scripps for the School Magazine or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page How about the boy’s intelligence itself? Or maybe even God. Whatever the answer is, it’s clear that the boy’s entry into Oxbridge for the first time in all of Cutlers’ history should not just be a one off. Education itself is like a religion. You only get out what you put in. It’s fair to say that some take it seriously, while others don’t. The pressure to succeed is enough to make you rebel and the influences along the way are bound to affect the choices and decisions you take along the way. The teachers themselves are committed to the students, desperately trying to make their education worthwhile†¦. or are they? The teachers of the school play a vital part in the development and contribution an individual student makes to the school. Mr Hector, the boy’s English teacher has a very controversial attitude towards teaching. It is very much a cultural learning experience. Deemed inappropriate by some, it is clear that whatever Hector equips these boys with, certainly works. Mr Hector is adamant on teaching the boy’s life skills, which they can take with them beyond university. He acts as more of a tour guide, if you will, into the unknown world that exists beyond education. Certainly being able to quote poetry and speak fluent French is something to be proud of, but will this help you get into university? It makes us ask the question: What is better for the boys: thoughtfulness or intelligence? Hector isn’t against the intelligence the boys possess, just that is be used in an appropriate way and not so structured. Learn from the wise Mr Hector a life beyond grades and the syllabus. In contrast to this, we introduce the ever modern Mr Irwin. Now the youngest teacher of the school, Irwin was bought in to coach the students for the entrance exams and encourages them to see a different angle to education. Making the boys think outside the box is the key here, but with the upmost of tactics. Liberal in his interpretations, Irwin encourages the boys to look at their work in a provocative way. Not overly encouraging or tactile as a teacher himself, Irwin’s confusing and sometimes frustrating methods really encourage the boys to think. Having been through the same process as the boys barely years before sees him as the most likely to sympathise with the boys. Differing greatly to Hector, Irwin has a set purpose and structure about him. Whilst both startling and thought provoking teaching methods links the teachers; they couldn’t be more different if they tried. It is important the gain knowledge from Irwin and life lessons from Hector in order to be successful into Oxbridge and indeed into life. So where do they get the cold hard facts from? How do the boys actually learn the subject in hand, without being controversial? The answer lies in Mrs Lintott, the most competent teacher; the boys A-Level History grades reflect this. Always to the point, her lessons do exactly what is asked of them. Immensely structured and ridged, the boys learn nothing but what is asked of them. No need to be elaborate or thought provoking, Mrs Lintott teaches the boys what they need and sees no reason to be otherwise. In contrast to both Irwin and Hector, Mrs Lintott holds her own and needs no bells or whistles to do so, the real foundation of learning. As the new students start the new term with a team of varied teaching styles behind them, what could go wrong? There is something for everyone at Cutlers school for boys. However, when all is said and done, the new boys cannot rely on the teachers to mould them into the people they become, nor can they give them the desire to achieve. The new boys must possess a desire to do well, whatever the teachers say or do. There are a certain number of recommendations for a boy to enter Oxbridge: by being intelligent, impressionable, religious, musically gifted or sporty. It’s best to try and be at least three of those things in order to glean whether or not you are an Oxbridge candidate. Whatever your religion, or aspiration is, focus on what you believe in and it will all become suitable in the end. Always have a goal, a point in which you want to reach. Decide what is important to you and build on that. Success is just a word, until you make it a reality. Individually, the boys least likely to fail are the ones who absorb all that is given to them. Is there any chance the new boys could achieve the same amount of success?

hackers essays

hackers essays Information is quite a vital element in most businesses, governments and even households and as we can see people really go to the extremes just to get information and use them to their advantage or maybe mere satisfaction of their curious minds. As we all know the most vital information in the wrong hands could spell disaster and even be a cause of war among nations. Hacking as we know it has already existed in the 60s so this is proof that even the most primitive computers, which we see now as useless was not spared from this art. Information should be free to all that is why people invented the World Wide Web more popularly known as the Internet. Information could be a vital key to a company or even a countries success or downfall. It is amazing that even todays youngsters can gather enough information by just logging on and hacking the computers of big companies and countries. We all know that information is important there are some information that should remain secret, becau se of the simple reason that it is better this way to better serve them or give them security. There is only one dilemma here it seems that hacking when done by individuals constitute a crime but in the cases of government agencies who engage in the same acts to provide better security and gain more information it is deemed to be routine and even lawful. Unfortunately that is how the system works, laws are enacted to basically prevent mere talented individuals to hack but enable this art to be utilized only by governments for the sole purpose of intelligence gathering and counter attacks. As we all know that nothing is really safe from the hackers of the world not even the government who boast of the most sophisticated computers. As I have read, hacking has evolved through out the years and it seems that although tighter measures are done the hackers seem to be more talented. With todays sophisticated password systems hackers still mana...

Enlightenment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Enlightenment - Essay Example ople realized the need of societal reforms hence challenging the authority exercised by traditional institutions such as the Catholic Church whose influence was deeply and widely rooted in society. Philosophers who influenced people’s thinking and reasoning through their work during The Enlightenment included: , John Locke, Francis Bacon, Renà © Descartes and Isaac Newton among others (Perry, 2013). The era of enlightenment coincided with the scientific revolution led by Isaac Newton (NatilusMaker, n.d.). Literacy increased as a result of people deviating from religious texts and instead embracing new ideas especially from publications by philosophers. According to Bertrand Russell, a British philosopher who strongly opposed idealism, The Enlightenment was a manifestation of the schism that was greatly influenced by Martin Luther (Carey, 2015). The Enlightenment also takes into account the inclination of people towards democracy that was vigorously fought for in the 16th Century. It was influenced by the desire of Protestants to break away from the Catholic Church (Perry, 2013). Initially, democracy was only enjoyed by the elite class until the 19th Century when the emergence of political movements necessitated democratic citizenship. These moves contributed to what is seen today as freedom of speech. Formation of political parties to fight for human rights began as early as the 1500s. By the 1600s, political representation had taken course leading to the development of binding political instruments such as Habeas Corpus Act (1679). Colonization is yet another factor that contributes to The Enlightenment. America for instance was colonized by Europeans who had also settled in other parts of the world. By the 16th Century, competition to venture into new territories by colonies had become immense. It is only after American Revolutionary in 1783 that America gained independence and developed their first constitution in 1788 (Perry, 2013). Many other colonized

Football Is the Most Impacted Sports Genre by Television Assignment

Football Is the Most Impacted Sports Genre by Television - Assignment Example In this discussion topic, the difference between the most viewed sports and the most played sports in the world must be defined. This paper will focus on the most viewed sports on television and how the television has impacted this type of sport. Soccer is the most viewed sport currently in the world. For example, the FIFA World Cup held every four years has a huge TV audience. Television and the online audience grows substantially for football than other sports. Cricket stands second in the list with close to a billion Indian fans. Field hockey follows third, being spread in the English world (Rader, 2008). Sport on television develops TV genres and genres of the sport that encode codes and conventions. The audience and organizations relate in a special way during sports representations. Football stands tall in linking organizations through regulation control, channels, schedules, and marketing promotion. Football audience incorporates all sexes with its narratives focusing on race, heroes, and sponsors.   According to Radar (2008), another striking issue is the â€Å"aesthetic† pleasure from the â€Å"televisual image of football† sport. The energy in the cinematic pleasure makes the sporting event on television a rewarding experience. Slow motion is one of the most obvious aesthetic pleasure that football thrills its fans with. Slow motion footage employed at thrilling points with super-slow motion in particular montages satisfies the audience best. Through the slow motion, the immanent anatomical majesty of the football players brings the attention of the unseen details making the football celebrities bodies alien and strange (Rader, 2008).     In conclusion, among other sports, football has been profoundly impacted by television and remains to enjoy a large viewing by the audience worldwide.   

Final exam essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Final exam - Essay Example To avoid consequences, we make an agreement with other people in the society by denouncing the unacceptable ways and practice doing the acceptable things. Contract theory lays emphasis on the need for justice in the society. For a peaceful coexistence and satisfaction of basic needs people should seek to have a contract where they exchange goods and services. John Locke had the view that the ethical pre-political state of the society is assured by a divinely ordered natural commandment. John Rawls’ Theory of Justice argued that a group of rational and unbiased individuals will create a beneficial principle of justice as the basis for regulation of all duties, power, rights, and wealth. Social contract theory plays the role of setting up rules that govern behaviors that are acceptable by all people in the society. Contract theory creates an orderly society and enhances cooperation in the production of social goods (Gauthier1990). For this to be possible everyone in the society should be involved in the contract. This will ensure that the life and property of the people in the society has been protected. Contract theory aims at removing the notion of utilitarianism or self-interest. It argues that people follow the set rules for the advantage of the society as a whole. Contract theory has been applied by the Government in the form of a constitution. A constitution is a list of things that serve the society to enhance orderliness. The laws in the constitution are amended to accommodate the needs of the individuals in the society. I believe that the constitution ensures that politicians who refer themselves as public servants though they mostly follow their self-interests. The purpose of the constitution is to keep the politicians in check. The constitution bars the politicians from overusing their powers (Gauthier 1990). The success of the Contract theory has been widespread and this has attracted critics as well. Feminists and race conscious philosophers have

Poker de Espanto en el Caribe

Poker de Espanto en el Caribe Pà ³ker de Espanto en el Caribe Introduccià ³n Algunas regiones en Amà ©rica Latina han sido escenario de una variedad y amplia de sangrientas dictaduras, y por periodos tan prolongados, como el Caribe. Rafael Leonidas Trujillo en Repà ºblica Dominicana; Anastasio Somoza, Tacho, en Nicaragua; Marcos Pà ©rez Jimà ©nez en Venezuela, y Fulgencio Batista en Cuba, constituyen las cuatro tiranà ­as que en la dà ©cada de los cincuenta del siglo XX armaron un Pà ³ker de espanto en el Caribe. Su autor, Juan Bosch, uno de los mà ¡s destacados là ­deres polà ­ticos, intelectuales y humanistas dominicanos, que pasà ³ veintitrà ©s aà ±os de su vida en el exilio, analiza las causas econà ³micas, sociales, polà ­ticas e incluso psicolà ³gicas que dieron origen y sostuvieron dichas dictaduras. La obra, escrita de salto en salto, de paà ­s en paà ­s, de exilio en exilio, en una Amà ©rica Latina convulsionada, con golpes de Estado, tiranicidios, guerras civiles y revoluciones armadas, refleja, como ninguna, los procesos del exilio a los que tantos se han visto obligados, en Amà ©rica Latina y el Caribe, và ­ctimas del despotismo. A mà ¡s de cincuenta aà ±os de haber sido escrito, Pà ³ker de espanto en el Caribe es un clà ¡sico en su gà ©nero. La Universidad Nacional Autà ³noma de Mà ©xico se honra en editar en Mà ©xico esta obra fundamental para la comprensià ³n de los procesos sociales y polà ­ticos en Amà ©rica Latina y el Caribe, a cien aà ±os del natalicio de su autor. Biografà ­a del autor Juan Bosch nacià ³ en La Vega, Repà ºblica Dominicana, el 30 de junio de 1909 y murià ³ en Santo Domingo el 1 de noviembre de 2001. El profesor Juan Bosch, narrador, ensayista, educador, historiador, bià ³grafo, polà ­tico, ex-presidente de la Repà ºblica Dominicana, inicià ³ su carrera literaria con un pequeà ±o libro de cuentos, Camino Real (1933), donde narraba en gran parte lo que habà ­a visto, escuchado y vivido en su pueblo, La Vega. De esa misma à ©poca, es su primera novela breve La Maà ±osa (1936), donde el personaje central es una mula y el narrador es un nià ±o enfermizo. Despuà ©s, antes de salir al exilio, donde vivirà ­a durante mà ¡s de veinte aà ±os, el precursor del cuento dominicano publicarà ­a sus cuentos en perià ³dicos y revistas dominicanas. De aquella à ©poca son  «La mujer » (cuento que ha sido seleccionado por casi la totalidad de las antologà ­as de cuentos de Hispanoamà ©rica),  «Dos pesos de agua » y  «El abuelo ». Pero cuando el profesor Bosch regresà ³ a la Repà ºblica Dominicana, apenas los mà ¡s viejos conocà ­an que era cuentista. A su llegada, se reunieron sus cuentos en dos volà ºmenes: Cuentos escritos en el exilio (1964), que incluà ­a  «Cuento de Navidad » y  «Manuel Sicurà ­Ã‚ », publicados en ediciones independientes en el extranjero, y Mà ¡s cuentos escritos en el exilio, (1964), donde se incluyeron, tambià ©n, cuentos publicados en ediciones independientes, como  «La muchacha de la Gà ¼aira », publicado en Chile, en 1955. Pero Bosch ya habà ­a publicado libros, en el extranjero, no precisamentede cuentos, que lo habà ­an dado a conocerer en otros paà ­ses como bià ³grafo y ensayista, antes que en su propio paà ­s, como Hostos, el sembrador (Cuba, 1939), Judas Iscariote, el calumniado (Chile, 1955). Aunque dejà ³ de escribir cuentos desde los aà ±os sesenta (el à ºltimo o escribià ³ para una antologia de cuentos para nià ±os, preparada por el pianista, poeta y dramaturgo Manuel Rueda), el profesor Bosch es reconocido como el precursor del cuento y, sobre todo, de la narrativa social dominicana.). Con una prosa imitada por pocos narradores dominicanos de hoy (por lo dà ­ficil, aunque se trate de decir lo contrario), en los cuentos de Bosch la problemà ¡tica social (la preocupacià ³n por el hombre y por la fuerza de los procesos sociales que ejercen sobre el individuo) es tratada desde diferentes à ¡ngulos, sin hacer, casi siempre, alusià ³n a sistemas o gobiernos determinados. Pero no sà ³lo los cuentos del profesor Bosch son guà ­as para el cuentista, si no que sus Apuntes sobre el arte de escribir cuentos es un texto para los estudiantes de otros paà ­ses como Cuba, llegando a llamar la atencià ³n del narrador colombiano Gabriel Garcà ­a Mà ¡rquez, quien ha declarado mà ¡s de una vez que Bosch es su profesor). La à ºltima creacià ³n narrativa del profesor Bosch, la novela El oro y la paz (Premio Novela Nacional de Literatura, 1975), aunque escrita en dos versiones, a primera en 1957, mientras el escritor se hallaba viviendo en Cuba, en su primer exilio, y la segunda versià ³n en Puerto Rico, 1964, donde estuvo pasando su otro exilio, es una obra maestra en a Literatura dominicana). Las obras de Bosch comprenden, tambià ©n, ensayos y biografà ­as de grandes figuras de la historia sagrada. Es dà ­ficil, por no decir imposible, resumir los temas en los cuentos de Juan Bosch. Hay, sin embargo, dos preocupaciones que aparecen en sus mejores cuent os: los problemas sociales, y la preocupacià ³n filosà ³fica (por no decir, existencial). Ahà ­ està ¡n  «La nochebuena de Encarnacià ³n Mendoza » (para nosotros, su cuento mà ¡s perfecto),  «Los amos »,  «Luis Pià ©Ã‚ »,  «La muchacha de la Gà ¼aira »,  «Dos pesos de agua » y  «La mujer » para probarlo. Produccià ³n literaria Obras: Narrativa: Camino Real (1933) Indios (1935) La maà ±osa (1936) Dos pesos de agua (1941) La muchacha de la Gà ¼aira (1955) Cuentos de Navidad (1956) Cuentos escritos en el exilio (1962) Mà ¡s cuentos escritos en el exilio (1962). El oro y la paz (1975 Ensayos: Mujeres en la vida de Hostos (1938) Hostos, el Sembrador (1939) Apuntes sobre el arte de escribir cuentos (1947) Judas Iscariote, el Calumniado (1955) Trujillo, causas de una tiranà ­a sin ejemplo (1961) David, biografà ­a de un rey (1963) Breve historia de la oligarquà ­a (1970) Composicià ³n social dominicana (1970) Tres conferencia sobre feudalismo (1971) Breve historia de la oligarquà ­a (1971) El Napoleà ³n de las guerrillas (1976) El Caribe, fronterra imperial: de Cristà ³bal Colon a Fidel Castro (1978) Viaje a las antà ­podas (1978) Conferencias y artà ­culos (1980) La revolucià ³n de abril (1980) La guerra de la Restauracià ³n (1980) Clases sociales en la Repà ºblica Dominicana (1983) Capitalismo, democracia y liberacià ³n nacional (1983) La fortuna de Trujillo (1985) La pequeà ±a burguesà ­a en la historia de la Repà ºblica Dominicana (1985) Capitalismo tardà ­o en la Repà ºblica Dominicana (1986) Mà ¡ximo Gà ³mez: de Monte Cristi a la gloria (1986) El Estado, sus orà ­genes y desarrollo (1987) Textos culturales y literarios (1988) Dictaduras dominicanas (1988) Pà ³ker de Espanto en El Caribe. Temas econà ³micos (1990) Breve historia de los pueblos à ¡rabes (1991). Aportes dado a la literatura Juan Bosch fue un hombre de pensamiento y accià ³n en todo lo que se propuso, marcando autà ©nticamente con sus aportes polà ­ticos y literarios a la sociedad dominicana. De sus contribuciones a la polà ­tica nacional queda poco de quà © hablar, mientras que de su pasado literario todavà ­a van surgiendo detalles que terminarà ¡n conformando definitivamente el perfil del que fue el mà ¡s destacado literato dominicano del siglo XX. En principio, en el campo de la poesà ­a Bosch se declarà ³ admirador del Movimiento Postumista, pero en el cuento y la novela quiso crear su propia escuela, a la que bautizà ³ â€Å"El Conchoprimismo Literario†, no sin que aparecieran, en el mundo literario dominicano, los que se burlaron y trataron de ridiculizarlo. La escuela â€Å"conchoprimista† que Bosch intentà ³ establecer en 1934, partà ­a del criterio de que en la Repà ºblica Dominicana y el arte â€Å"tenà ­an que hacerse sobre tradiciones criollas†, tomando como materia prima lo que habà ­a significado en nuestra historia el personaje de Concho Primo, caracterizado por el coraje, el instinto, la generosidad y el fuego que incendiaba su sangre y la carne: â€Å"Concho Primo fue cada hombre que dejà ³ el quicio de su casa, al brazo el machete, a la cintura el revà ³lver, bajo las piernas el espinazo del caballo, a quienes no empujaba el deseo de hacerse libres, ni ricos, ni de volver aureolados de glorias para ofrendarlas a una mujer†. Su novela La Maà ±osa fue la conclusià ³n de aquel esfuerzo. Aunque Juan Bosch ya habà ­a publicado numerosos cuentos, cuando comenzà ³ a promover su â€Å"escuela† era todavà ­a un desconocido en el mundo literario dominicano y hasta lo creà ­an inexistente pues habà ­a gente que creà ­a que nombre era el seudà ³nimo de algà ºn intelectual interesado en que no se conociera su verdadera identidad. El Conchoprimismo estaba influenciado por el Criollismo, de moda entonces en Latinoamà ©rica. Bosch define su escuela con las siguientes palalabras: â€Å"Aquà ­ en Santo Domingo, quizà ¡s si a consecuencia de pobreza en la flora y fauna y tambià ©n ausencia de una raza nuestra, nos hemos dedicado a los acontecimientos y con ellos a los hombres. Pero à ©stos, manejados como cosa: instintivos, impulsivos, bastos. Nada de pensamiento destilado. Y como no tenemos otra historia que la de la sangre, hemos tomado la bandera que yacà ­a en el suelo, pudrià ©ndose, desde la llegada de los yanquis. La hemos tremolado, asà ­ desgarrada, enfangada y hedionda. Ahà ­ ha nacido el â€Å"Conchoprimismo literario†, que lo serà ¡ artà ­stico antes de poco tiempo en todo el frente de las artes†. Juan Bosch fue desde el principio cuentista y se dio a conocer a partir de 1931 en la revista Bahoruco, dirigida por el venezolano Horacio Blanco Bombona: â€Å"Un buen cuentista dominicano†, titulaba Blanco Bombona, y decà ­a â€Å"Hemos publicado en los à ºltimos nà ºmeros de Bahoruco cuentos del escritor dominicano Juan E. Bosch. No nos gusta prodigar elogios a diestra y siniestra, porque creemos que ese sistema ha malogrado a mà ¡s de un joven escritor que con esfuerzo y estudio pudo hacer algo que valiera la pena. Pero no queremos dejar pasar inadvertida la capacidad de nuestro colaborador Bosch para el cuento. En breves pà ¡ginas capta un suceso, un ambiente y con una sobriedad, digna de encomio, escribe su relato. Nos parece que a la Repà ºblica Dominicana le ha aparecido un buen cuentista. Bosch es vegano de nacimiento y acaba de retornar al paà ­s de un viaje de dos aà ±os por la penà ­nsula y por algunos paà ­ses de Hispanoamà ©rica de los que rodean el m ar Caribe†. En los cuentos aparecidos en Bahoruco ya se iba definiendo el costumbrismo campesino dominicano en que desembocarà ­a el â€Å"Conchoprimismo†. En Carteles, revista cubana que se leà ­a en Santo Domingo, aparecià ³ en marzo de 1932 el siguiente comentario sobre uno de sus escritos: â€Å"La Mujer, un cuento de Juan Bosch, el primer cuentista dominicano del momento. Domina el gà ©nero y tiene la rara virtud de narrar con una sencillez que da relieve al tema. La Mujer es una tragedia rural dominicana†. Refirià ©ndose a ese comentario de la revista Carteles, se dijo en Bahoruco: â€Å"Hace un aà ±o comenzà ³ Bosch a publicar sus cuentos en este semanario. Desde el primer cuento advertimos que se trataba de un vigoroso talento de narrador, que pinta las costumbres campesinas en una sobria y precisa prosa. En una palabra, que habà ­a alcanzado maestrà ­a en el difà ­cil arte del cuento a una edad muy temprana, pues Bosch en la actualidad sà ³lo cuenta veinte y tres aà ±os. Nosotros repetimos varias veces que no conocemos sino dos grandes cuentistas dominicanos, entendiendo por tales a los que tratan temas criollos. Uno era Josà © Ramà ³n Là ³pez en sus buenos tiempos. El otro es Bosch†. A principio de 1933 Bosch leyà ³ cuentos junto a Fabio Fiallo y Tomà ¡s Hernà ¡ndez Franco en los salones del Club Nosotras. En la crà ³nica noticiosa aparecida sobre esta actividad, se lee lo siguiente: â€Å"Fue anunciada la lectura de cuentos de tres de nuestros cuentistas, Juan Bosch, Hernà ¡ndez Franco y Fabio Fiallo. Bosch, el menor y el primero, es cuentista de procedimientos modernà ­simos. Nada de autobiografà ­a, ni de propia psicologà ­a. Es la vena de agua pura y cristalina que lleva, sin saberlo, el alma de nuestra montaà ±a. En el aà ±o citado, publicà ³ Juan Bosch su primer libro de cuetos, Camino Real, terminando de situarse como el mejor narrador dominicano y rompiendo con la creencia generalizada de que à ©l â€Å"era un seudà ³nimo y era, sin embargo, nuestro mejor cuentista. Aun despuà ©s de haber publicado muchos cuentos en las columnas de este semanario, se nos decà ­a como dudando de su existencia:  ¿Y ese Bosch, a quien nunca hemos visto, donde vive? Y respondà ­amos invariablemente: Escribe, luego existe y mora en la Avenida Capotillo† Desde antes de 1934 Bosch se batà ­a en una descarnada polà ©mica pà ºblica con Hà ©ctor Inchà ¡ustegui Cabral y otros de sus compaà ±eros, quienes criticaban sus poemas y narraciones costumbristas. Refirià ©ndose a Bosch y a su â€Å"escuela†, Inchà ¡ustegui cuenta en el â€Å"Pozo muerto† (1960), detalles de ese debate: â€Å"Como creà ­a en los nacional le hicimos la guerra a cuantos pretendieron injertar en la literatura dominicana el Romanticismo Gitano de Garcà ­a Lorca. Pero no era contra el poeta, fue contra el programa, vamos a llamarlo asà ­, de los que consideraban que era necesario, para la tradicià ³n y para la historia, que se cantara en romance la vida, las hazaà ±as, de los grandes de las guerras civiles. Una persona, que no era poeta, lanzà ³ la idea, trazà ³ el ideario dirà ­amos mejor, desde las pà ¡ginas de Bahoruco (†¦). Entonces escribà ­a unos Marginales. Una seccià ³n un poco en broma (†¦). No recuerdo todo lo que di je, pero le debià ³ parecer muy fuerte. Hablaba, eso sà ­ lo recuerdo, de un â€Å"polizà ³n sentimental†que nos acababa de llegar de Espaà ±a, de un contrabando literario que estaban tratando de introducir en el paà ­s. Se molestà ³ muchà ­simo y me salià ³ al encuentro la semana siguiente. (†¦). Aquello era la indignacià ³n patrià ³tica en letras de molde. (†¦). Blanco Bombona me llamà ³. Debà ­a tener cuidado porque à ©se era un muchacho violento. Lo mejor era dejar las cosas en donde estaban y no replicar para evitar desagrados mà ¡s profundos. Yo sonreà ­. Él era amigo mà ­o y la disputa se limitaba al puro campo literario.† Bosch llegà ³ en aquellos meses a anunciar, cuando publicà ³ â€Å"El cobarde†, que se retirarà ­a del cuento costumbrista dominicano, lo que llevà ³ a Blanco Bombona a decir: â€Å"Ni debe, ni puede. No puede porque el alma de su pueblo le bulle en el sensorio de manera tal, que à ©l no tendrà ­a fuerza para evadir el imperioso reclamo a la hora de la creacià ³n literaria. No debe: porque seria restarle a su patria un aporte que la significa y la cataloga dentro de un gà ©nero literario. Esperamos, pues, que esta resolucià ³n de Bosch, sea transitoria†. Bosch, ademà ¡s de escribir cuentos escribà ­a y publicaba en Alma Dominicana poemas costumbristas, un poco influenciado por el Romancero espaà ±ol. En Alma Dominicana Juan Josà © Llovet y Juan Bosch eran los redactores, mientras que Emilio A. Morel era el director. La admiracià ³n de Bosch por los escritores que se ubicaban en el â€Å"Conchoprimismo†lo llevà ³ en agosto de 1935, a promoverlos, como hizo con Josà © Rijo, por tener à ©ste el â€Å"corazà ³n machacado en el pilà ³n del campo y rezumante de todas nuestras virtudes, me parece haber encontrado un verdadero cuentista. (†¦). Dos cosas admiro en Josà © Rijo, su personalidad, ya que no se parece a ningà ºn escritor dominicano, y el amor con que carga ‘su provincia al pecho. Eso lo salvarà ¡. Por à ³rgano suyo ruego a los jà ³venes maestros del cuento nacional (maestros, no por lo que hayan hecho, sino por lo que critican y por la arrogancia y aparente erudicià ³n que manejan), no ver en este primer cuento los defectos†. El aporte de Bosch fue universalizar lo dominicano en la literatura. Lo que dijo sobre Rijo, fue lo que al final lo inmortalizà ³ a à ©l en la polà ­tica y la literatura universal: el amor con que siempre cargà ³ la patria en su pecho; mientras que muchos de sus crà ­ticos son hoy pasto que devora la historia. Movimiento Literario al que Pertenece el Autor Formà ³ parte en la capital dominicana del grupo literario que se denomino â€Å"la cueria†. Los à ºltimos aà ±os de la dà ©cada del 20 comenzà ³ a acariciar la idea de escribir una novela y entregà ¡ndose a esta labor, logro poner fin a la misma, coronando sus esfuerzos mediante la publicacià ³n de â€Å"la maà ±osa†, aà ±os despuà ©s. En principio, en el campo de la poesà ­a Bosch se declarà ³ admirador del Movimiento Postumista. La escuela â€Å"conchoprimista† que Bosch intentà ³ establecer en 1934, partà ­a del criterio de que en la Repà ºblica Dominicana y el arte â€Å"tenà ­an que hacerse sobre tradiciones criollas†, Breve Resumen de la Obra Anastacio Somoza, la carta nicaragà ¼ense Ningà ºn pueblo de Amà ©rica nos ofrece una leccià ³n tan cabal como el de Nicaragua, en lo que se refiere a los frutos le la polà ­tica caudillista ejercida en las cercanà ­as de un poder en crecimiento listo a aprovechar la menor grieta para penetrar por ella y aumentar su expansià ³n Los sucesos ocurrieron a mediados del siglo XIX, y al darse por terminados volvià ³ el pueblo nicaragà ¼ense a dividirse en conservadores y liberales, los dos partidos que han seà ±oreado el campo polà ­tico nacional, separados al parecer por diferencias ideolà ³gicas pero unidos en un mismo procedimiento caudillista. En 1893 tomaron el poder los liberales, despuà ©s de treinta aà ±os de gobierno conservador. El presidente liberal, Josà © Santos Zelaya, establecià ³ una dictadura que iba a durar diecisiete aà ±os, hasta fines de 1909. Esa dictadura no pudo ser mà ¡s inoportuna, pues desde que en 1898 los Estados Unidos adoptaron la polà ­tica de franca intervencià ³n, con fuerzas militares, en la zona del Caribe, toda conducta polà ­tica tenà ­a que ser planeada tomando en cuenta el peligro de una posible intervencià ³n. Un rà ©gimen tan duro como el de Zelaya dividà ­a al pueblo nicaragà ¼ense mucho mà ¡s de lo que ya lo estaba; ponà ­a a su frente, de manera irreconciliable, no sà ³lo a los perseguidos conservadores, sino ademà ¡s a la juventud, que en todas partes es generosa y enamorada de la dignidad; y gran parte de esos jà ³venes pasaban a engrosar las filas conservadoras o, sin hacerlo, se mantenà ­an en lucha contra la dictadura. El paà ­s està ¡ situado en el mismo corazà ³n de Centroamà ©rica, con Costa Rica al sur, Honduras y El Salvador al norte, al este el mar Caribe y al oeste el Pacà ­fico. La mayor parte de la poblacià ³n ocupa mà ¡s o menos un tercio del territorio, el que està ¡ situado ente el sistema montaà ±oso que da al Pacà ­fico y ese mar; y aun esa tercera parte se concentra mà ¡s bien en un trià ¡ngulo formado entre Granada, al sur, Leà ³n al norte y la capital, Managua. Al sur, pegado a la frontera de Costa Rica en su orilla meridional, està ¡ el lago de Granada o lago de Nicaragua; en la orilla occidental, la ciudad que le da nombre. Ese lago se comunica con el Caribe por el rà ­o San Juan. Por allà ­ subà ­an los piratas y atacaban la ciudad de Granada. Por allà ­ se pensà ³ cavar el canal que despuà ©s se hizo en Panamà ¡. Durante largos aà ±os los nicaragà ¼enses soà ±aron con que su territorio seria usado en la gran và ­a transmarina; y de hecho fue puente del Caribe al Pacifico cuando el descubrimiento de oro en California lanzà ³ a miliares y millares de aventureros de la costa este norteamericana a las lejanas costas del Oeste. Hacia 1909 Washington descubrià ³ que el dictador Zelaya estaba negociando acuerdos con Alemania y con el Japà ³n para la construccià ³n de un canal por esa ruta. El canal de Panamà ¡ no estaba inaugurado todavà ­a; pero no tardarà ­a en estarlo. Y Panamà ¡ era una leccià ³n demasiado dramà ¡tica para no tomarla en cuenta. Ese recià ©n nacido paà ­s no existà ­a en 1902; era una provincia colombiana, y surgià ³ como nacià ³n independiente a voluntad de Teodoro Roosevelt (aunque desde luego Roosevelt estaba actuando como delegado de muy vastos y complicados intereses) cuando Colombia se negà ³ a aceptar las condiciones que imponà ­a Washington para abrir el canal por el istmo panameà ±o. El mismo Roosevelt lo dirà ­a en pà ºblico ocho aà ±os despuà ©s del establecimiento de la Repà ºblica de Panamà ¡. Los conservadores habà ­an producido numerosos levantamientos durante la administracià ³n de Zelaya; y a los conservadores volvieron sus ojos en Washington cuando se enteraron de las inoportunas negociaciones de Zelaya con alemanes y japoneses. El acuerdo entre conservadores y norteamericanos iba a durar aà ±os, y serà ­a funesto para la vida de Nicaragua. Pero como se verà ¡ a su tiempo, los liberales no pueden acusarlos porque ellos acabaron desplazando a sus adversarios en el favor de los gobernantes estadounidenses y llegarà ­an a extremos a que no llegaron aquà ©llos. Y es que bajo las etiquetas de partidos opuestos se guarecà ­an en realidad dos huestes caudillistas, a cuyos là ­deres les interesaba el poder para ellos mà ¡s que el destino de su pueblo. En octubre de 1909 el jefe de la guarnicià ³n de Bluefields, en la costa del Caribe, se levantà ³ contra el gobierno de Managua. Era un liberal, pero se alià ³ con los conservadores. Estos garantizaban la ayuda norteamericana al movimiento. La ayuda llegà ³ a tiempo, con un cable del Secretario de Estado de Washington conminando a Zelaya a abandonar el poder o exponerse a ser atacado por la Infanterà ­a de Marina norteamericana. El ministro de la Guerra se alzà ³ en armas; el presidente solicità ³ el desembarco de tropas norteamericanas, que lo hicieron por el puerto de Corinto. La Infanterà ­a de Marina yanqui sometià ³ a los rebeldes a caà ±onazos, y el jefe del alzamiento fue hecho preso y enviado, no a una cà ¡rcel nicaragà ¼ense, sino aun presidio de la zona norteamericana del Canal de Panamà ¡!. Despuà ©s de haber debelado ese alzamiento el grueso de los infantes de marina salià ³ de Nicaragua, pero quedà ³ en Managua, la capital del paà ­s, una guarnicià ³n de algunos centenares de hombres cuya funcià ³n aparente era proteger la Legacià ³n de los Estados Unidos; en realidad, su papel era advertir a los liberales que no se rebelaran. Para Washington, liberales en el poder significaba canal en Nicaragua manejado por potencias extranjeras. Desde 1912, despuà ©s de la intervencià ³n armada extranjera en su favor, gobernaron los conservadores en paz y se celebraron y se ratificaron los pactos necesarios para garantizar que sà ³lo los Estados Unidos podrà ­an hacer un canal por Nicaragua, si algà ºn dà ­a se construà ­a. No hubo dictaduras conservadoras parecidas a la de Zelaya, pero hubo dieciocho aà ±os de gobierno con ninguna participacià ³n de los liberales. Bajo el amparo si se prefiere, por mà ¡s justo, bajo el tutelaje de Washington proseguà ­a la divisià ³n de la gran familia nicaragà ¼ense; esa divisià ³n agravaba, en vez de resolver, los problemas nacionales. Pero los norteamericanos veà ­an los problemas desde el punto de vista de su interà ©s; no paraban mientes en el interà ©s de Nicaragua. Esa divisià ³n fue causa de que en 1926, con el apoyo del gobierno mexicano, encabezado entonces por Plutarco Elà ­as Calles, los liberales iniciaran una revolucià ³n, que comenzà ³ por Puerto Cabezas, tambià ©n en la costa del Caribe. De inmediato surgià ³ a la superficie la alianza de conservadores y norteamericanos. La revolucià ³n tomà ³ Puerto Cabezas y formà © gobierno bajo la presidencia de Juan Bautista Sacasa; sus tropas, al mando militar del general Josà © Marà ­a Moncada, avanzaron hacia el interior. El 23 de diciembre intervino Washington en los sucesos dando a Sacasa veinticuatro horas de plazo para que abandonara Puerto Cabezas porque el territorio de esa zona habà ­a sido declarado neutral por la Infanterà ­a de Marina norteamericana. Esta tomà ³ el lugar y echà ³ al fondo del mar las armas de la revolucià ³n. Las fuerzas de Moncada avanzaban, sin embargo, y se combatà ­a ya tierra adentro. En el aà ±o de 1927 comenzà ³ a sentirse en Nicaragua el peso de un nombre hasta poco antes desconocido, el de aquel jefe- cilio derrotado por fuerzas gobiernistas a principios de noviembre de 1926. Habiendo ido a Puerto Cabezas a solicitar del presidente revolucionario armas con que volver a combatir contra los conservadores, el joven Sandino fue despachado con las manos vacà ­as. Entre las mujeres pà ºblicas de Puerto Cabezas consiguià ³ unos treinta rifles que ellas habà ­an salvado de las aguas del mar, y unos seis mil tiros; remontà © con esa carga el rà ­o Coco, en el norte de la parte oriental del paà ­s, y organizà ³ un pequeà ±o ejà ©rcito en las montaà ±as de Las Segovias. se joven guerrillero se habà ­a dado cuenta de que no habà ­a diferencias fundamentales entre conservadores y liberales: En 1927, tambià ©n, comenzà ³ a sonar otro nombre en Ni- ragua, el de Anastasio Somoza, que en virtud del acuerdo los liberales y conservadores bajo la tutela norteamericana, sà © a ser jefe polà ­tico del departamento de Leà ³n. Se trataba un cargo importante, que tocaba a los liberales. Somoza habà ­a sido conservador, pero su matrimonio con una dama de distinguida familia liberal le habà ­a llevado a esas filas. Era hijo de un conocido conservador de igual nombre, que varias veces fe senador. Al parecer, Somoza heredà ³ de su padre un temperamento ansioso de poder. El hijo fue enviado a estudiar a Granada, primero, y despuà ©s a Filadelfia, donde cursà © ciencias comerciales. Allà ­ aprendià ³ el inglà ©s, que le sirvià ³ para ser intà ©rprete de las fuerzas de ocupacià ³n. Al volver a Nicaragua tratà ³ de establecerse y de hacer algunos negocios, con la ayuda del padre, sin tener buen à ©xito, y entrà ³ en la administracià ³n pà ºblica como funcionario de Rentas, tambià ©n sin alcanzar buen à ©xito. Sus nuevos amigos extranjeros, su parentesco polà ­tico con una familia distinguida y su presencia misma, que era agradable, le abrieron el camino para llegar a jefe polà ­tico del departamento de Leà ³n. Poco despuà ©s, cuando el general Moncada pasà ³ a ser presidente de la Repà ºblica, le designà © su secretario en actividades militares . El presidente tà ­tere Josà © Marà ­a Moncada designà ³ a Anastasio Somoza subsecretario de Relaciones Exteriores, y desde su nuevo cargo Somoza entablà ³ amistad con el anciano ministro de Norteamà ©rica, cuya esposa, una baronesa alemana, quedà ³ fascinada por la simpatà ­a del joven funcionario. Somoza tenà ­a un carà ¡cter festivo y agradable presencia fà ­sica. Su naturaleza psicolà ³qica no se parece a la de Trujillo, que es và ­ctima de numerosos complejos de los cuales surge esa presencia a menudo torva o de untuosa melosidad, siempre falsa y excesiva. Somoza era mà ¡s bien natural, sin tener miedo a la verdad ni a ninguna situacià ³n inesperada; dà ¼ ,, rà ¡pido para el chiste, oportuno, aunque desde luego dado a la vulgaridad tan pronto entraba en confianza. Esa manen e ser, y su tipo latino, le ganaron el favor de la seà ±ora baron Las Segovias, resolvià ³ dejar ese problema en manos nicaragà ¼enses; en vez de soldados suyos, que luchara la Guardia Nacional; si Sandino acababa triunfando que lo hiciera sobre sus compatriotas, no sobre la Infanterà ­a de Marina norteamericana. Asà ­ pues, los invasores se aprestaron a dejar el paà ­s tan pronto como se celebraran elecciones y resultara elegido un nuevo gobernante nicaragà ¼ense. Se convocà ³ a comicios y triunfà © la candidatura liberal de Juan Bautista Sacasa. El nuevo presidente, que debà ­a tomar posesià ³n de su cargo el lo. de enero de 1933, era tà ­o de la seà ±ora De Bayle de Somoza; esto es, tà ­o polà ­tico del favorito de la seà ±ora ministra de Norteamà ©rica. El dà ­a de Aà ±o Nuevo de 1933 tomà ³ posesià ³n de la presidencia Juan Bautista Sacasa. Un mes y un dà ­a despuà ©s, el 2 de febrero, el general Sandino firmaba los convenios de paz. Ya no habà ­a un soldado interventor en tierras de Nicaragua. Lo que quedaba allà ­ era una Guardia Nacional, con su segundo jefe ascendido a jefe director; un jefe nicaragà ¼ense, con menos responsabilidad y menos escrà ºpulos que un nativo de Norteamà ©rica. El hà ©roe de Las Segovias debà ­a sospecharlo, pero el curso de los acontecimientos le exigà ­a ignorarlo. Pues en la historia de Nicaragua à ©l era un parto prematuro, y estaba llamado a ser, por tanto, un mà ¡rtir y no un realizador Habà ­a transcurrido un aà ±o. Empeà ±ado en organizar empresas agrà ­colas y mineras en la zona nordeste de Nicaragua el general Sandino permanecà ­a alejado de las actividades pà ºblicas, rodeado por los veteranos de sus fuerzas y sus familia. res, a quienes querà ­a asociar a los negocios que planeaba. A mediados de febrero a 1934 hizo una visita a Managua. La Guardia Nacional hostilizaba a los sandinistas, exigiendo la entrega de armas que no existà ­an; la intranquilidad agitaba toda la regià ³n, y el hà ©roe querà ­a hallar una fà ³rmula para resolver esa situacià ³n; a la vez, iba en busca de ayuda para sus empresas. Mientras esto ocurrà ­a otro grupo de quince soldados de la Guardia Nacional, al mando del mayor Policarpo Gutià ©rrez y el teniente Federico D. Blanco, rodeaban la casa del ministro Salvatierra. Tanto el grupo que mandaba al mayor Delgadillo como este otro que habà ­a allanado la residencia del ministro Salvatierra, se mantuvieron en constante contacto por medio de enlaces que iban y venà ­an en automà ³vil de un lugar a otro. A esa misma hora Tacho Somoza escuchaba un recital que ofrecà ­a la poetisa peruana Zoila Rosa Cà ¡rdenas en el Campo de Marte, siendo à ©sta la primera vez que un acto de esa naturaleza se llevaba a cabo en aquel lugar. Sandino hizo un à ºltimo esfuerzo, convenciendo al mayor Delgadillo que fuese a ver a Tacho Somoza y -le ‘recordase su reciente amistad, confirmada con el intercambio de fotos en las que se consignaban dedicatorias expresivas y cordiales. El mayor Delgadillo llegà ³ al Campo de Marte y regresà ³ diciendo que no habà ­a podido ver al general Somoza y por ende que era del todo imposible hacerle llegar su mensaje Hasta aquà ­ la prolija exposicià ³n del ex teniente Abelardo Cuadra. Su declaracià ³n coincide con la del padre de Sandino y la del ministro Salvatierra en los detalles anteriores a la ejecjÓfl, pues ambos fueron presos conjuntamente con el general Sandino y sus compaà ±eros. Coincide tambià ©n, en là ­neas generales, con la del presidente de la Cà ¡mara de Diputados de Nicaragua, hecha una semana despuà ©s de los sucesos, và ­a telefà ³nica, al diario La Hora de San Josà © de Costa Rica. Por su posicià ³n, el presidente de la Cà ¡mara debà ­a estar enterado de los hechos; y à ©l comienza su breve pero dramà ¡tico relato dando cuenta de la reunià ³n de Somoza con los oficiales subalternos para levantar un acta en que à ©stos1 segà ºn las palabras de Sandoval, â€Å"se comprometà ­an a ser solidarios en el asesinato que se iba a cometer†. Don Gregorio Sandino, padre del mà ¡rtir, y el ministro Salvatierra, declararon que mientras ellos se hallaban detenidos oyeron los disparos y que el desdichado padre del hà ©roe comentà ³: â€Å"Ya està ¡n matando a Sà ³crates y a los otros†; y un poco mà ¡s tarde, al oir otros disparos mà ¡s lejanos: â€Å"Ya està ¡n matando a Augusto†. El ministro norteamericano debià ³ acudir inmediatamente a evitar el crimen, puesto que la vida de Sandino debà ­a ser preciosa para el prestigio de los Estados Unidos; y ocurre que no lo hizo, sino que se presentà ³ mà ¡s allà ¡ de media noche en el cuartel donde se hallaban presos don Gregorio Sandino y el ministro Salvatierra. Por otra parte,  ¿quià ©n le dijo que se encontraban allà ­, siendo que ni el propio presidente Sacasa lo sabia?. Sà ³lo una persona: Anastasio Somoza Un anà ¡lisis elemental nos conduce, por de pronto, a esta conclusià ³n: el ministro Bliss Lane supo, inmediatamente despuà ©s de consumados los hechos, por boca de Somoza, que Sandino y sus compaà ±eros habà ­an sido asesinados. Ahora bien,  ¿supo que iba a producirse ese escandaloso crimen antes de que ocurriera?;  ¿lo supo despuà ©s, porque à ©l indagà ³ o porque Somoza fue a informarle?. Cuando Somoza dijo a los oficiales reunidos en su residencia, a las siete y media de la noche, que llegaba de la Legacià ³n americana y que en una conf rencia con el ministro à ©ste le habà ­a asegurado que â€Å"el gobierno de Washington respalda y recomà ­enda la eliminacià ³n de Augusto Cà ©sar Sandino†,  ¿estaba diciendo la verdad o estaba sà ³lo presionando a sus subalternos con la noticia de que el asesinato era una orden de Washington?. Y si dijo la verdad, La Guardia Nacional de Nicaragua fue adiestrada para matar a Sandino y a sus hombres; se le adiestrà © material y là ³gicamente. Somoza, como Trujillo, a

Gay Marriage Should Be Legal Essay -- Gay Marriage, argumentative, per

The Supreme Court of the United States ruled that the Constitution guarantees a right to same-sex marriage. Yet, same-sex marriage continues to be a highly debated issue that leaves our society searching for answers. This has been very apparent during elections when politicians, in order to distract or sway conservative voters, all took a side and had an opinion on the issue of same-sex marriage. The debate has been presented on the left as a civil rights debate, equal rights. And on the right, as a morals debate, a referendum on homosexuality (Rauch, J. 2004). Everyone has an opinion on whether two men or two women should be allowed to get married, and in doing so, have all the same rights granted by the federal government to them as are granted to more â€Å"traditional† couples. It is my belief that gay, lesbian, and transgendered couples should be afforded the same privileges as any other citizens including the choice of marriage. Singling out and disallowing certain r ights to any person based on sexual orientation, just like race, ethnicity, or religious background, is discrimination. Also, religious views on homosexuality should not have an effect on our laws. By conservative estimates, there are probably about ten million gay men and lesbians in the United States. And they're going to be there. They're going to be having relationships and they're going to be having kids no matter what we do in our laws and no matter what courts say. And the question about whether gay and lesbian couples should have an equal right to get married under our state laws--we're talking about state laws here, we're not talking about private religious organizations. (Wolff, 2005) In the past marriage was something everyone was expected to do. ... ...arch 8). Hollywood: World of Wonder. Inalienable Rites? Gay Marriage in the Courts (2005, March 25). Uncommon Knowledge with Peter Robinson [Radio News Program]. http://www.hoover.org/multimedia/uk/2934426.html Loving v. Virginia, 388 U.S. 1 (1967) Masci, D. (2009, May 21). A Clash of Rights? Gay Marriage and the Free Exercise of Religion. http://pewforum.org/events/?EventID=216 Masci, D. (2009, July 9). Public Opinion on Gay Marriage: Opponents Consistently Outnumber Supporters. http://pewforum.org/docs/?DocID=424 Rauch, J. (2004, April 1). Can Gay Marriage Strengthen the American Family? [Brookings Briefing]. http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Files/events/2004/0401children%20%20%20families/20040401.pdf Strasser, P. M. (1999). The Challenge of Same-Sex marriage: Federalist Principles and Constitutional Protections. Westport: Preager Publisher.

Lamm

Lam discusses the issues in our healthcare. We are starting to see a â€Å"brave new world of healthcare†, one where we need to set new standards and obligations. â€Å"We shall have to balance quality of life with quantity of life, costs and benefits, preventive medicine versus curative medicine†. Lam believes that there are two major flaws In and an equal number are undesired and second being the high cost of healthcare. He strongly encourages making healthcare more accessible.He repeats ever and over how the largest flaw Is our lack of access. The problem with having everyone able to access healthcare Is that the costs would Increase. We want everyone to have healthcare, but we are not willing to pay for it. He also discusses how we must now look at the needs of the entire population. We need to limit the use of certain resources of one individual in order to have enough for the whole population. I agree with Lam that our healthcare system is changing and we do need to better accommodate our lives in order to make it work.I believe that we should have universal care, but with that like Lam states with his new values â€Å"personal responsibility. With this responsibility one should take responsibility of their bodies. If there were universal healthcare one should eat healthy and exercise daily in order to stay well and keep costs down. Another issue that needs to be addressed is limitations of resources. Resources are limited, they should not just be used for one individual. There is the rest of the population that need those resources as well.

Strategic Initiative

If the strategic plan is properly prepared and understood, then the company will continue to grow and thrive. Wall-Mart is a multimillion dollar empire that provides goods and services to communities all over the world. They are able to do this is because they are constantly looking for new ways to keep their business growing while keeping their customers satisfied and coming back for more. In this paper, Team C has developed a strategic planning initiative that will help Wall-Mart appeal In the local community.The strategic plan will help readers understand how financial planning plays a large part in the success and failure of a business by looking at costs and sales in the community, and finally ascribing the risks that are associated with the strategic planning initiative and financial effects they may have on the company. Strategic Planning Initiative Financial planning is about finding out how the business is going to financially in the future. This means that reports from acco unting and other departments have to be correct or else the forecasting will not be accurate.When a business is working on their financial planning they need to prepare a cash budget. Financial planning helps a business to know how the profits will look in the future which In turn will help them plan on other things. This is where the strategic planning comes Into play. The company can plan how much merchandise to receive for parts of ten year. I nee can also Tugged Tort Dulling expansions, malfeasance, Ana toner necessary things. By knowing how much they can spend on certain projects with the amount they have received from the financial forecasting they can budget properly.They can take the time to plan smart and know what they can do for the company and what they cannot do. Wall-Mart is planning on getting their supplies and merchandise from responsible sources. They want to make sure that the products that they sell to their nonusers are safe to eat and that with our busy lives t hey want the products to stand the wear and tear. With the help of the safer and stronger merchandise, Wall- Mart is planning on increasing sales and make sure that they are making the importance of their values known.With this said from the annual report, Wall-Mart is also working with Michelle Obama to make their food products healthier and their produce cheaper. (womb. Anytime. Com) Mrs.. Obama is helping to reduce obesity in children and trying to make foods healthier. Wall-Mart has been meeting with the first dad and are going to take their brand, Great Value, and make it to where it has less fats, sugars, and unhealthy salts. They are going to come out with healthier soups, salad dressings, rice and snacks.Wall-Mart is also trying to get Kraft to follow their examples and produces healthier products. Initiative Affects on Costs The new initiative will not have a major effect on cost for Wall-Mart. Wall-Mart will continue to use its current manufacturers to be able to provide t heir consumers with the most economical prices. Some things that have caused a change in cost for Wall- Mart would be the improvement of labor productivity and also organizational changes that have been made.There may be several changes that may occur in the upcoming year, but with their past experience Wall-Mart is fully prepared to embrace the changes in the most efficient way possible. They will continue to provide better health benefits to their employees and will be more strategic in their advertising. Also, with the Wall-Mart website they are cutting cost by not having so many items to ship and stock in their stores. It also provides their consumers to have easy access to he products which will expand their clientele.Initiative Affects on Sales Wall-Mart's two initiatives that our team focused on are not only driven by expectations of rising sales, but are thoughtful of improving society in small ways. The initiatives focus on improving the health of consumers, helping them to make smarter choices when doing the food shopping. Very aware of the effects of the economy, Wall-Mart is also finding ways to make these healthy choices affordable and realistic. Quality and values are what they are aiming to reveal, being responsible ND thoughtful so that buying Wall-Mart products is an easy and smart solution for better everyday living.With such a strong platform, these initiatives should easily lure American's into one of their 3,804 stores, targeting the common need to live smart and healthy lives on a budget, in order to accommodate the current state of ten economy. â€Å"We are expanding our assortment, re-allocating selling space Ana enhancing productivity initiatives to reduce costs† (Wall-Mart, 2011). By working with suppliers Wall-Mart is aiming to expand assortment in all categories and make the assortment more relevant. We continue to implement productivity initiatives throughout the stores, supply chain and logistics to improve returns. As we s ee top- line sales increase through our focus on IDLE (everyday low prices) and from operational and merchandising improvements, we can further enhance our ability to drive expense leverage† (Wall-Mart, 2011). With cost reduction and commitment to the focus at the core of the Wall-Mart organization, everyday low prices, sales will continue to rise, and the trust and loyalty consumers already show will grow even trotter.Risks Associated with Initiative and Financial Effects As with any business it is important to assess the risks and the financial affects of a business initiative. For Wall-Mart, three initiatives have been identified. The first is purchasing supplies from a responsible supplier. The second is to produce healthier food products in conjunction with the support of Michelle Obama. The third is to promote cheaper produce which will encourage families to eat healthier. The identified associated risks are the possibility of limited resources from so-called expansible suppliers causing Wall-Mart to limit goods that they sell.In addition, there is the possibility of higher cost associated with responsible supplier which will then be trickled down to consumers. Lastly, there is definite risk of botulism or reduced sales associated with purchasing lower quality produce in order to meet their initiative of cheaper produce. With any risk there are also potential financial affects which are the effect of the associated risks. For Wall-Mart they may find that they have to pay more for goods that are form responsible manufacturers and appliers which in turn which trickle down to the consumers causing them to pay more for goods.In turn, causes Wall-Mart to lose customers due to higher pricing. On the other hand if Wall-Mart is able to budget for the absorption of the additional costs and see no price rise to their consumers then they may actually see a financial benefit. Wall-Mart envisions cheaper produce as a potential benefit to its customers and it ca n be but the key to this success will be purchasing cheaper produce that is still quality produce and offering it at an everyday low price to consumers.On the other hand if Wall-Mart offers cheap produce that is not quality produce they may see a reduction in revenue and a loss of customers in this area. Conclusion Wall-mart has over 3,804 stores worldwide, and is the largest leader in retail sales. Wall-mart is able to do this by expanding their business into other countries and providing great quality items to their customers at low prices. The best way for Wall-mart to grow even bigger than they already are is to create a strategic initiative plan that is firm and reliable.

American Civil War - Battle of Oak Grove

American Civil War - Battle of Oak Grove Battle of Oak Grove - Conflict Date: The Battle of Oak Grove was fought June 25, 1862, during the American Civil War (1861-1865). Armies Commanders: Union Major General George B. McClellan3 brigades Confederate General Robert E. Lee1 division Battle of Oak Grove - Background: After constructing the Army of the Potomac in the summer and fall of 1861, Major General George B. McClellan commenced planning his offensive against Richmond for the following spring.   To take the Confederate capital, he intended to sail his men down the Chesapeake Bay to the Union base at Fortress Monroe.   Concentrating there, the army would advance up the Peninsula between the York and James Rivers to Richmond.   This shift south would permit him to bypass Confederate forces in northern Virginia and would allow US Navy warships move up both rivers to protect his flanks and help supply the army.   This part of the operation was shelved in early March 1862 when the Confederate ironclad CSS Virginia struck Union naval forces at the Battle of Hampton Roads. Though the danger posed by Virginia was offset by the arrival of the ironclad USS Monitor, efforts to blockade the Confederate warship drew off Union naval strength.   Slowing marching up the Peninsula in April, McClellan was fooled by Confederate forces into laying siege to Yorktown for much of the month.   Finally continuing the advance in early May, Union forces clashed with the Confederates at Williamsburg before driving on Richmond.   As the army neared the city, McClellan was struck by General Joseph E. Johnston at Seven Pines on May 31. Though the fighting was inconclusive, it resulted in Johnston being severely wounded and command of the Confederate army ultimately passed to General Robert E. Lee. For the next few weeks, McClellan remained inactive in front of Richmond allowing Lee to improve the citys defenses and plan a counterattack. Battle of Oak Grove - Plans: Assessing the situation, Lee realized that McClellan was forced to divide his army north and south of Chickahominy River in order to protect his supply lines back to White House, VA on the Pamunkey River.   As a result, he devised an offensive that sought to defeat one wing of the Union army before the other could move to provide aid.   Shifting troops into place, Lee intended to attack on June 26.   Alerted that Major General Thomas Stonewall Jacksons command would soon reinforce Lee and that enemy offensive action was likely, McClellan sought to retain the initiative by striking west towards Old Tavern.   Taking the heights in the area would permit his siege guns to strike at Richmond.   To accomplish this mission, McClellan planned to attack along the Richmond York Railroad in the north and at Oak Grove in the south. Battle of Oak Grove - III Corps Advances: The execution of the assault at Oak Grove fell to the divisions of Brigadier Generals Joseph Hooker and Philip Kearny from Brigadier General Samuel P. Heintzelmans III Corps.   From these commands, the brigades of Brigadier Generals Daniel Sickles,  Cuvier Grover, and John C. Robinson were to leave their earthworks, pass through a small but dense wooded area, and then strike the Confederate lines held by the division of Brigadier General Benjamin Huger.   Direct command of the forces involved fell to Heintzelman as McClellan preferred to coordinate the action by telegraph from his headquarters in the rear.   At 8:30 AM, the three Union brigades commenced their advance.   While Grover and Robinsons brigades encountered few problems, Sickles men had trouble clearing the abatis in front of their lines and then were slowed by the difficult terrain at the headwaters of White Oak Swamp (Map). Battle of Oak Grove - A Stalemate Ensues:               Sickles issues led to the brigade falling out of alignment with those to the south.   Recognizing an opportunity, Huger directed Brigadier General Ambrose Wright to advance with his brigade and mount a counterattack against Grover.   Approaching the enemy, one of his Georgia regiments caused confusion among Grovers men as they wore red Zouave uniforms which were thought to only be used by some Union troops.   As Wrights men halted Grover, Sickles brigade was repulsed by Brigadier General Robert Ransoms men to the north.   With his attack stalling, Heintzelman requested reinforcements from McClellan and informed the army commander of the situation.    Unaware of the specifics of the fighting, McClellan ordered those engaged to withdraw back to their lines at 10:30 AM and departed his headquarters to inspect the battlefield personally.   Arriving around 1:00 PM, he found the situation better than anticipated and ordered Heintzelman to renew the attack.   Union troops moved forward and regained some ground but became entangled in an inconclusive fire fight that lasted until nightfall.   In the course of the battle, McClellans men only managed to advance about 600 yards. Battle of Oak Grove - Aftermath: McClellans final offensive effort against Richmond, the fighting at the Battle of Oak Grove saw Union forces suffer 68 killed, 503 wounded, and 55 missing while Huger incurred  66 killed, 362 wounded, and 13 missing.   Undeterred by the Union thrust, Lee moved forward with his planned offensive the next day.   Attacking at Beaver Dam Creek, his men were ultimately turned back.   A day later, they succeeded in dislodging Union troops at Gaines Mill.   Beginning with Oak Grove, a week of constant fighting, dubbed the Seven Days Battles, saw McClellan driven back to the James River at Malvern Hill and his campaign against Richmond defeated.       Selected Sources Civil War Trust: Seven Days BattlesCWSAC Battle Summaries: Oak GroveHistory of War: Battle of Oak Grove

Safety Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Safety Management - Essay Example Establishment of an effective safety action plan requires resources and time, and therefore, support of the senior management. When developing a new action plan, an organization can have a committee comprising of employees, board members and managers to facilitate acceptance, resistance to change reduction and increase chances of safety action plan success. Management support on a safety action plan remains essential in ensuring safety recognition, adequate performance results and necessary support or training provision to employee so as to improved safety, therefore, resulting in a safe working environment (Binkley 157). Whether the action plans entails introduction of a new action plan or modification of old process, it is essential for the safety manager to communicate the steps and the purpose of the safety action plan process before implementation. It is also essential that a safety manger reviews the performance management system of the organization and make necessary adjustmen ts. As mentioned earlier, safety management is a continuous process of planning, monitoring and review of processes; a safety action plan should be based on this continuity by first planning, where expectations are first identified, clarified and agreed upon. The planning process should also include identification on how results of the plan will be measured, agreement on the process of monitoring and action plan documentation (Ruding 15).

Using Mathematics to predict traffic flow Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Using Mathematics to predict traffic flow - Essay Example In this paper, we study microscopic model in detail, which utilizes ordinary differential equations. We also provide the reasons for studying the traffic flow and the current applications in science. The basic aim of studying traffic is to comprehend traffic jamming and find ways to prevent it. The aim is to provide well-organized movement of traffic while reducing congestion problems. Traffic modeling is studied in different disciplines and each of the fields explains why we study traffic. In Engineering, civil engineers are interested in traffic to be able to forecast and model traffic flow to generate operative and safe road systems and intersections. In addition, electrical engineers may create intelligent electronic appliances, which will monitor and get used to traffic conditions. Besides, environmental engineers may study how traffic jamming affects fuel consumption and air pollution. For city planners, they study traffic to determine the most effectively use and apply traffic systems. A city planner may need to decide the effectof the addition of an on-ramp to a freeway or if to construct a bypass. Moreover, a city planner may need to determine certain types of cars that should be prevented from a certain roadway. The traffic models can assist state government and city planners to determine speed limits. Through creation of accurate simulations of traffic models, computer scientists enable city planners and engineers to rapidly test new designs. Simulations can define how a planned change in infrastructure will influence traffic before any building is initiated. There are two current types of models namely macroscopic and microscopic. Both models have modern state-of-the-art equations. Macroscopic models research on traffic from a general or average perspective whereas microscopic models research on the motion of individual vehicles. The traffic jams can be studied with both types of models. The models can simulate